https://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/issue/feedSciencia Journal2025-05-21T20:58:10+03:00Editor in Chief Samuel Karimoffice@scienciajournal.comOpen Journal Systems<p>Sciencia Journal (ISSN 2981-815X) is indexed, refereed, peer reviewed, open access journal, publishing high quality papers on all aspects of research:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Social Science</strong> (Humanities, Sociology, Education, Political Science, Law, Policy, Social Review, Arts, History, Philosophy, English)</li> <li><strong>Management</strong> (Commerce, Economics, Finance, Accounting, Corporate Governance, Human Resources Management, Marketing Management, Quality Management Training and Development)</li> <li><strong>Engineering</strong> (Information Technology, Computer Application, Civil Engineering, Machanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Physics)</li> <li><strong>Medical Science</strong> (Medicine, Health, Nursing, Clinical Research, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry)</li> <li><strong>Biology</strong> (Botany, Bioscience, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environment and Ecology, Food Science, Nutrition, Plant Science, Entomology, Zoology, Fisheries)</li> <li><strong>Physical Education</strong> (Sports, Yoga, Physiotherapy, Physiology, Exercise, Health)</li> </ul>https://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1The Image of Animals in Ted Hughes's "The Hawk in the Rain" and "The Thought Fox": A Textual Approach2021-09-16T15:09:00+03:00Mariwan Hasanmariwan152@live.comKamaran HamaRaufmariwan152@live.com<p>Ted Hughes is thought to be a great poet of the modern period. This study attempts to explain the images related to animals in Hughes’s two poems; “The Hawk in the Rain” and “The Thought Fox”. It then, explains how images are used to enable the poet to express himself. Also, how the images helped readers understand the poems easily will be shed light on. Finally, analysis and comparison of the selected poems; “The Thought Fox” and “The Hawk in the Rain” will be highlighted. It also indicates how the poet uses the animal imagery to symbolize something else as a source of inspiration or power in the first poem, and brutality, savagery and violence of nature towards animals in the second poem. Textual and analytical approaches are used in the analysis of the poems. The study unveils the poet’s deep feelings of the silent world of the animals in the darkness.</p>2021-09-16T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2021 TechHub Journalhttps://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/2Alecsandri's Work and the Romanian Language Literary in the Nineteenth Century2021-09-16T15:25:22+03:00Mihaela Nicoleta Ichim-Raduoffice@pluscommunication.eu<p><em>The poet Vasile </em><em>Alecsandri has always had the conscience of the writer-citizen, his entire work being directly addressed to the public. His desire “to write” was the starting point in opening new paths, in literature in general, and in historical literature in particular. </em></p> <p><em>The importance of language in the destiny of the Romanian people was defined by Alecsandri as the most precious treasure that children inherit from their parents, the most sacred deposit left by past generations.</em></p>2021-09-16T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2021 TechHub Journalhttps://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/3"TIME MANAGEMENT" AS A PATTERN FOR IMPROVING THE WORK EFFECTIVENESS OF CHRISTIAN LEADERS2021-09-30T20:49:41+03:00Ana Lestarianalestari937@yahoo.comEudia Anggelia Ika Agustineudiaangelia@gmail.comMuner Dalimanscurtucristian@yahoo.comDavid Mingdavidmingming3@gmail.com<p>The statement that "Time is money" is an unwise statement. The old Chinese proverb says "an inch of time equals an inch of gold is worth, but an inch of gold cannot replace an inch of time." The fundamental solution to the problem of time is: What is meant by time? What about time management? How wise is the basis for the process of managing time? How is wise time management as an exemplary pattern for Christian leaders in increasing work effectiveness? Answer: (1) Time never stops and it keeps flowing unstoppable. Time is all the events that occur in the life of every human being. (2) Time management is the management of time as effectively as possible for a person's life in accordance with his life goals, which include: taking care, organizing his life properly, considering which things are important, and which are not important. (3) Wisdom is being obedient to the corridor. Fear of God and his life is always under His guidance. Wisdom is only obtained by relating to God and reading His Word, because through the Word and practiced in daily life it will make people wisely.</p>2021-09-30T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2021 TechHub Journalhttps://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/4Determination of Important Contact Parameters for Spur Gear Design2021-10-04T09:32:49+03:00Getachew Admassie Ambayegecheadmassie@gmail.com<p>This study focused on the determination of the important contact pa-rameters of spur gear design for the investigation of different parametric studies such as the maximum pressure, contact width, contact film thickness, sliding velocities, and others. The single and double tooth contact region has been de-termined for the given gear parameters along with their contact lengths. The contact width and pressure can be determined by considering the engaged spur tooth as a cylindrical object. The film thickness will vary from the mesh ap-proach (minimum) to the mesh recesses (maximum). The film thickness is de-creased in a single tooth contact region a maximum value at the mesh termina-tion.</p>2021-10-04T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2021 TechHub Journalhttps://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/5Opportunities and Challenges of Public Finance Management in Sierra Leone2021-10-04T10:29:54+03:00SAMUEL KARIMscurtucristian@yahoo.comALIEU BADARA KABIAabkabia@ebkustsl.edu.sl<p>The public sector of the economy, as a rule, <a href="http://www.multitran.ru/c/m.exe?t=4537411_1_2&ifp=1&s1=established%20itself%20as%20a%20leading%20choice"> established itself as a leadin</a>g <a href="http://www.multitran.ru/c/m.exe?t=4537411_1_2&ifp=1&s1=established%20itself%20as%20a%20leading%20choice"> choice</a> in the economy of Sierra Leone. The effective functioning of this sector depends on qualified management, to make management decisions with respect to such organizations.</p> <p> </p> <p>It should be noted that the most modern management technologies in the field of finance developed and proved to be successful in practice for commercial organizations. Commercial organizations are aimed at profit and welfare of its shareholders. These goals are easily measurable and formalized in enough indicators showing the achievement of the organization's business objectives.</p> <p> </p> <p>The entities of the public sector are significantly different from commercial organizations. The purpose of entity of public sector is to provide public goods, such as services in the field of law enforcement, health, education and others, rather than increasing shareholder wealth. The economic effect of such services is difficult to measure. The effect of the provision of those services cannot be measured by referring to the cost benefits, because the benefits of such services are impossible to calculate in monetary terms. For example, benefits from the provision of health services, is to increase the public health of the nation. The complexity in measuring of the effectiveness of public sector entities requires the use of appropriate tools by management in the field of public finance management.</p>2021-10-04T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2021 TechHub Journalhttps://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/88Advancements in Marine Hydrodynamics: Insights from the Black Sea Region through Computational Fluid Dynamics2024-01-05T23:14:11+02:00Vlad George PANAIToffice@pluscommunication.euCosmin BERESCUscurtucristian@yahoo.com<p>This comprehensive article delves into the latest research on marine hydrodynamics within the Black Sea, particularly focusing on areas around Midia Cape-Constanta and the Danube river discharge through the Sulina branch. It integrates findings from three distinct studies, each employing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze marine current regimes, the interaction of structures with fluid flows, and hydrological phenomena. Key insights include the assessment of navigation risks, understanding the impact of structures like ships on fluid flows, and a comparative analysis of flow phenomena prediction models. This synthesis offers a holistic view of the current state of marine hydrodynamics research in this region, highlighting both the capabilities and limitations of CFD in understanding and predicting complex aquatic systems.</p>2022-01-05T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2023 Vlad George PANAIThttps://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/89The effectiveness of attention and kinesthetic awareness and their relationship to the accuracy of performing the forehand and backhand stroke in badminton2024-04-09T14:55:16+03:00Tahseen Husni Tahseentahseen.h@cope.uobaghdad.edu.iqKhamail Abdul Hussein Jawadkhamael.abdulhussain@uobaghdad.edu.iqHassanein Obaid DakhilHassanein.O@cope.uobaghdad.edu.iqHussein KhamisHassanein.O@cope.uobaghdad.edu.iqSaad AbbasHassanein.O@cope.uobaghdad.edu.iq<p>The rapid development in achieving high athletic levels in various sports fields, whether in individual or team games, one of them (the badminton game) is no longer a coincidence, but rather is the result of sound and programmed planning based on clear scientific foundations, as mastery of motor skills is not related to training qualifications only Rather, it is also related to the individual's ability to have some mental abilities, including concentration of attention and perception-kinesthetic, which is one of the dimensions of the important psychological preparation of the badminton player. The competition is through front and rear strikes by badminton, and this needs a high concentration throughout the period of playing the front and back strikes, specifically delivering the ball accurately and focus to a place far from the competition player's presence, as well as kinesthetic perception and its relationship to the performance of the two skills, the researcher's reliance on the descriptive approach in the survey method is the most appropriate approach Appropriateness to solve a problem, the researcher has chosen the research sample in an intentional way and they are the first stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science / University of Baghdad for the academic year 2018-2019 and the amount (20) students out of (42) students and they constitute (47.61%) m N community of origin. The results showed that the correlation coefficient (for the attention concentration test x forward stroke of the badminton) was (0.27), while the correlation coefficient (for the dynamic perception test x back blow to the badminton) was (0.24) and through the observation of the two values we see them below the tabular value and the amount ( 0.387), below the significance level (0.05), which indicates that the correlation relationship is not significant between the focus of attention, the front strike by the badminton on the one hand, and the perceptual movement and the backhand of the badminton on the other hand, and the researcher concluded - there was no significant correlation between the degree of concentration of attention and the performance of the strike Headlights with feathers E plane. There is no significant correlation between the kinesthetic perception and the performance of the backhand of the badminton. The sample results in focusing attention, the kinesthetic perception and the accuracy of the front and back strike performance of the badminton came at a weak level, the researcher recommends the need to pay attention when implementing the lesson of the badminton to the performance of female students Many for the front and back strike skill. Use specific areas to focus attention and try to get the badminton to the specified place. Perform the skill in other conditions (in the open air) as a recreational means and avoid the routine. Interest in teaching correct technique and repetition from the skill of accurate front and back strike skills with badminton</p>2024-04-06T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/90Exploring the Intersection of Literature, Technology, and Social Issues in Modern Research2024-10-22T12:28:41+03:00Jack FOLLEYoffice@pluscommunication.eu<p>Modern academic research spans a broad spectrum of subjects, reflecting the diverse and evolving challenges and opportunities within our global society. From the role of literature in shaping cultural identities to the transformative impact of technology on traditional systems, recent studies offer deep insights into both humanistic concerns and technological advancements.</p>2024-10-22T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2024 Jack FOLLEYhttps://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/91Trust, Identity, and Institutional Innovation: Rethinking Social Resilience in the Digital Era2025-05-21T20:52:15+03:00Ana GOLITAoffice@pluscommunication.eu<p>The acceleration of digital transformation, combined with shifting cultural landscapes and complex societal challenges, calls for a redefinition of the foundations of resilient societies. This article examines the nexus of social trust, cultural identity, and institutional adaptability through a transdisciplinary lens. It argues that the sustainability of modernization processes—particularly in Central and Eastern Europe—depends not solely on technological capacity but also on the strength of local heritage, participatory governance, and trust-driven public engagement. Drawing on empirical studies from Hungary, Romania, and comparative frameworks such as Society 5.0 and the Triple Helix, the paper proposes an integrated model of innovation rooted in collective memory, civic responsibility, and strategic education.</p>2025-05-21T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2023 Andreea ILEA https://scienciajournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/92Innovation Anchored in Trust: Reimagining Development through Cultural Continuity and Societal Agility2025-05-21T20:58:10+03:00Andreea ILEAoffice@pluscommunication.eu<p>As societies confront increasingly complex challenges—from digital disruption to public distrust and cultural erosion—the imperative for holistic innovation becomes clear. This article explores how trust, identity, and knowledge co-production operate as foundational elements for sustainable development in an era of societal transformation. Drawing upon empirical case studies from Hungary, Romania, and international comparative frameworks such as Society 5.0 and the Triple Helix, the analysis reveals that true innovation is not solely a product of technology or capital but of cohesive cultural narratives, responsive institutions, and educated, engaged citizenries. By tracing how social trust mediates communication, participation, and adaptation, the article proposes a model for value-driven development rooted in social resilience and ethical modernization.</p>2025-05-21T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2023 Andreea ILEA